Vascular injury and treatment in gynecological tumor surgery / 中国医师杂志

During gynecological tumor surgery, the incidence of iatrogenic vascular injury increases unabated due to the proximity of the operative area to important vessels in the pelvic and abdominal cavity, and the tumor growth is invasive and often adheres or oppresses the surrounding blood vessels. Intraoperative bleeding is related to many factors. Adequate preoperative evaluation, surgical field exposure, and skilled operation can effectively reduce intraoperative vascular injuries. Immediate recognition and prompt action at the occurrence of hemorrhage can significantly minimize life-threatening complications. This article reviews the common vascular injuries and treatment methods in gynecological tumor surgery.

Effect of plasma exchange on bioactivity of peripheral blood CD34+ cells in patients with acute-on-chronic (subacute) liver failure / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of improvement in internal environment after plasma exchange on the bioactivity of peripheral blood CD34+ cells in patients with acute-on-chronic (subacute) liver failure. MethodsThe peripheral blood CD34+ cells from patients with acute-on-chronic (subacute) liver failure were cultured in vitro using the medium containing with the serum collected before or after plasma exchange. The growth curves of the two groups of cells were recorded and compared. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of the cell surface markers PK-M2, Integrin-β1, and L-PK, and immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of Integrin-β1. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between groups. ResultsThe CD34+ cells in the medium containing the serum collected after plasma exchange grew better than those in the medium containing the serum collected before plasma exchange (P＜0.05). PK-M2 and Integrin-β1 were detected in the CD34+ cells of both groups, but L-PK was not detected in either group. ConclusionFor patients with liver failure, the improvement in internal environment after plasma exchange helps to maintain the bioactivity of peripheral blood CD34+ cells, thus improving the efficacy of stem cell transplantation for liver failure.

Primary prevention model of liver cancer in rural China / 中华肿瘤杂志

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major histological type of primary liver cancer (PLC), and the etiology is relative clear. Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) plays dominant roles, and high exposure to aflatoxins is an important co-factor. Qidong was one of the endemic area with high PLC incidence in rural China. The results from a series of etiological intervention studies on PLC in this area indicated that 1) the protective efficacy of neonatal HBV vaccination against PLC development under the age of 30 was 84% (95% CI 23%-97%); 2) the relative risk of liver cancer incidence decreased at least 4 folds in young adults aged <35 years with reducing aflatoxin exposures and cleaning drinking water. The prevention of HBV infection and the supplies of clean water and safe food with limited aflatoxins demonstrated as an effective primary prevention model of liver cancer in rural China.

Long-term efficacy of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination against chronic hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease: a cross-sectional study based on Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the long-term protection efficacy of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January to October, 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted among the participants from Qidong Hepatitis B Intervention Study (QHBIS), who were selected through stratified random sampling. The detections of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, and anti-HBe were conducted and ultrasonography on liver, gallbladder and spleen was performed for them. The positive rates of each serologic markers, the prevalence of active CHB and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were calculated, the gender specific differences between vaccination group and control group were compared with Chi-square test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 4 421 participants aged (25.59±1.84) years in vaccination group and 3 880 participants aged (26.61±2.24) years in control group were surveyed. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe were 2.38%, 37.73%, 3.78%, 0.57% and 2.15% in vaccination group, and 9.02%, 29.41%, 16.83%, 2.73% and 8.87% in control group, respectively, the differences between two groups were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The prevalence of active CHB and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis were 0.45% and 0.16% in vaccination group, 1.29% and 0.39% in control group, the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The active CHB prevalence was lower in females than in males in both vaccination group and control group (P<0.05). The liver fibrosis and cirrhosis prevalence was lower in females than in males in control group (P<0.05); whereas, no statistical significant difference in liver fibrosis & cirrhosis prevalence between males and females was found in vaccination group (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Protection conferred by neonatal hepatitis B vaccination could last to marrying age. The gender specific difference in protection efficacy needs further study.</p>

Analysis on incidence for cervical cancer in Qidong during 1972-2000 / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the trends of incidence for cervical cancer in the years of 1973-2000, in Qidong, a city in south China, with a population of 1. 16 M. Methods Crude incidence rate of cervical cancer was calculated by using incident case data from Qidong Cancer Registry, which was founded in 1972, and age-standardized rates were computed according to China age structure of 1964 (CASK), and world age structure of 1960 (WASR). The epidemiological features and secular change trends of the cancer were described. Results Six hundred and thirty-one new cases of cervical cancer were-reported in Qidong during the years of 1973 to 2000, ranking the eighth and accounting for 3. 25% among all sites of cancers in women. The crude annual incidence rate during the period was 3. 96 per 100 000 on average, China age-standardized rate ( CASK) was 2. 67 per 100 000, and world age-standardized rate (WASR) , 3. 66 per 100 000. The incidence of cervical cancer was 2. 97 per 100 000 for the last 14 years, and 5. 01 per 100 000 for the first 14 years, showing a decreasing trend ( P